Context (added 2003)

Before making use of this document, please consult the covering note on the index page for an explanation of its context.

(this note added 2003 to a programmatically-converted document from around 1998.)

Rtftohtml map for RFC2070/HTML4.0 conversion

Rtftohtml map for RFC2070/HTML4.0 conversion

Converts Microsoft Word (with Symbol fonts) to unicode

Introduction

The idea of using iso-10646/unicode character representation in HTML was already foreseen by the HTML2.0 spec, RFC1866, and was reinforced by RFC2070, the standards-track RFC for the internationalization of HTML. Specialist browsers have been supporting it for some time, but it's now being usefully supported by version 4 of the popular browsers. (HTML4.0 contains lots that they haven’t implemented yet, but this, at least, they are supporting, so let’s use it.)
html-map has been updated to rtftohtlml 3.8. I'm making both "pedantic" and "practical" versions, using near equivalences where browser support for the pedantically correct unicode character seems to be poor. See the TODO list for further discussion.
For HTML4.0 entities information: http://www.w3.org/TR/PR-html40-971107/sgml/entities.html .
For recommendations on mapping, seeftp://ftp.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS / (use an FTP client if web browser gives problems).
Please note that this is a working document, produced for my own purposes. Although it includes some material from reliable sources, it also establishes some character equivalences or substitutes that are purely for the convenience of this application. References are now generally to version 3.8 of rtftohtml; some differences in the 3.6 version are shown (3.6: in parentheses).
The ALT/0nnn column shows how to type these characters in on a PC (there might of course also be keyboard shortcuts for some of them). Don't omit the leading zero!
The Unicode character names are rather verbose - I have abbreviated some for convenience.
(*) - use normal ASCII/iso-8859-1 character (as duplicate or as approximation)

CP-1252 (hex 80-9f), normal font

Specimen	HTML4.0 WD	rtftohtml name	CP1252 hex	ALT/ 0nnn	Unicode hex	Unicode decimal	Unicode name (some abbreviated)

‚	sbquo	quotesinglbase	82	130	201a	8218	single low-9 quote
ƒ	fnof	florin	83	131	0192	402	small f with hook
„	bdquo	quotedblbase	84	132	201e	8222	double low-9 quote
…	hellip	ellipsis	85	133	* or 2026	* or 8230	(...) horizontal ellipsis
†	dagger	dagger	86	134	2020	8224	dagger
‡	Dagger	daggerdbl	87	135	2021	8225	double dagger
ˆ	circ	circumflex	88	136	02c6	710	modifier circumflex
‰	permil	perthousand	89	137	2030	8240	per mille
Š	Scaron	Sinvcircumflex	8a	138	0160	352	capital S caron
‹	lsaquo	guilsinglleft	8b	139	2039	8249	single left angle quote
Œ	OElig	OE	8c	140	0152	338	capital ligature OE

‘	lsquo	quoteleft	91	145	2018	8216	left single quote
’	rsquo	quoteright	92	146	2019	8217	right single quote
“	ldquo	quotedblleft	93	147	201c	8220	left double quote
”	rdquo	quotedblright	94	148	201d	8221	right double quote
•	bull	bullet	95	149	2022	8226	bullet
–	ndash	endash	96	150	2013	8211	en dash
—	mdash	emdash	97	151	2014	8212	em dash
˜	tilde	tilde	98	152	02dc	732	small tilde
™	trade	trademark	99	153	2122	8482	trademark
š	scaron	sinvcircumflex	9a	154	0161	353	small s caron
›	rsaquo	guilsinglright	9b	155	203a	8250	single right angle quote
œ	oelig	oe	9c	156	0153	339	small ligature OE

Ÿ	Yuml	Ydieresis	9f	159	0178	376	capital Y dieresis

Symbol font, hex20-3f

Specimen	HTML4.0 WD	Rtftohtml and [Adobe] names	Symbol font hex	ALT/ 0nnn	Unicode hex	Unicode decimal	Unicode name (some abbreviated)
!		exclam	21	33	*	*
∀	forall	universal	22	34	2200	8704	for all
#		mathnumbersign	23	35	*	*
∃	exist	existential	24	36	2203	8707	there exists
%		percent	25	37	*	*
&	amp	ampersand	26	38	*	*
∋	ni	suchthat	27	39	220b	8715	contains as member
(		parenleft	28	40	*	*
)		parenright	29	41	*	*
∗	lowast	mathasterisk [asteriskmath]	2a	42	* or 2217	* or 8727	asterisk operator (or use asterisk)
+		mathplus	2b	43	*	*	(use ascii plus)
,		comma	2c	44	*	*
−	minus	mathminus [minus]	2d	45	* or 2212	* or 8722	minus sign (or use hyphen)

		( - )	2e-3f	44-63	*	*	(as corresp. ascii codes)

Symbol font, hex40-5f

Specimen	HTML4.0 WD	Rtftohtml and [Adobe] names	Symbol font hex	ALT/ 0nnn	Unicode hex	Unicode decimal	Unicode name (some abbreviated)

≅	cong	congruent	40	64	2245	8773	approx equal to
Α	Alpha	Alpha	41	65	0391	913	Alpha
Β	Beta	Beta	42	66	0392	914	Beta
Χ	Chi	Chi	43	67	03a7	935	Chi
Δ	Delta	Delta	44	68	0394	916	Delta
Ε	Epsilon	Epsilon	45	69	0395	917	Epsilon
Φ	Phi	Phi	46	70	03a6	934	Phi
Γ	Gamma	Gamma	47	71	0393	915	Gamma
Η	Eta	Eta	48	72	0397	919	Eta
Ι	Iota	Iota	49	73	0399	921	Iota
ϑ	thetasym	GreekJ [theta1]	4a	74	03d1	977	script theta
Κ	Kappa	Kappa	4b	75	039a	922	Kappa
Λ	Lambda	Lambda	4c	76	039b	923	Lambda
Μ	Mu	Mu	4d	77	039c	924	Mu
Ν	Nu	Nu	4e	78	039d	925	Nu
Ο	Omicron	Omicron	4f	79	039f	927	Omicron

Π	Pi	Pi	50	80	03a0	928	Pi
Θ	Theta	Theta	51	81	0398	920	Theta
Ρ	Rho	Rho	52	82	03a1	929	Rho
Σ	Sigma	Sigma	53	83	03a3	931	Sigma
Τ	Tau	Tau	54	84	03a4	932	Tau
Υ	Upsilon	Upsilon	55	85	03a5	933	Upsilon
ς	sigmaf	varsigma [sigma1]	56	86	03c2	962	final sigma
Ω	Omega	Omega	57	87	03a9	937	Omega
Ξ	Xi	Xi	58	88	039e	926	Xi
Ψ	Psi	Psi	59	89	03a8	936	Psi
Ζ	Zeta	Zeta	5a	90	0396	918	Zeta
[		bracketleft	5b	91	*	*	[
∴	there4	therefore	5c	92	2234	8756	therefore
]		bracketright	5d	93	*	*	]
⊥	perp	invtee [perpendicular]	5e	94	22a5	8869	uptack
_		underscore	5f	95	*	*	_

Symbol font, hex60-7f

Specimen	HTML4.0 WD	Rtftohtml and [Adobe] names	Symbol font hex	ALT/ 0nnn	Unicode hex	Unicode decimal	Unicode name (some abbreviated)
‾	oline	uppscore [radicalex]	60	96	* or 203e	*175 or 8254	spacing overscore (use macron)
α	alpha	alpha	61	97	03b1	945	alpha
β	beta	beta	62	98	03b2	946	beta
χ	chi	chi	63	99	03c7	967	chi
δ	delta	delta	64	100	03b4	948	delta
ε	epsilon	epsilon	65	101	03b5	949	epsilon
φ	phi	phi	66	102	03c6	966	phi
γ	gamma	gamma	67	103	03b3	947	gamma
η	eta	eta	68	104	03b7	951	eta
ι	iota	iota	69	105	03b9	953	iota
ϕ	(?)	script_phi [phi1] (3.6: Greekj)	6a	106	03d5	981	script phi
κ	kappa	kappa	6b	107	03ba	954	kappa
λ	lambda	lambda	6c	108	03bb	955	lambda
μ	mu	mu	6d	109	03bc	956	mu (cf. micro in Latin-1)
ν	nu	nu	6e	110	03bd	957	nu
ο	omicron	omicron	6f	111	03bf	959	omicron
π	pi	pi	70	112	03c0	960	pi
θ	theta	theta	71	113	03b8	952	theta
ρ	rho	rho	72	114	03c1	961	rho
σ	sigma	sigma	73	115	03c3	963	sigma
τ	tau	tau	74	116	03c4	964	tau
υ	upsilon	upsilon	75	117	03c5	965	upsilon
ϖ	piv	omegahat [omega1]	76	118	03d6	982	omega pi
ω	omega	omega	77	119	03c9	969	omega
ξ	xi	xi	78	120	03be	958	xi
ψ	psi	psi	79	121	03c8	968	psi
ζ	zeta	zeta	7a	122	03b6	950	zeta
{		braceleft	7b	123	*	*	{
\|		bar	7c	124	*	*	some kind of bar
}		braceright	7d	125	*	*	}
∼	sim	mathtilde [similar]	7e	126	* or 223c	* or 8764	tilde operator (or use ascii tilde)

Symbol font, hex a0-bf

(the no-break space is shown in brackets for clarity)

Specimen	HTML4.0 WD	Rtftohtml and [Adobe] names	Symbol font hex	ALT/ 0nnn	Unicode hex	Unicode decimal	Unicode name (some abbreviated)
[ ]	nbsp	nobrkspace	a0	160	*	*
ϒ	upsih	hammer [Upsilon1]	a1	161	03d2	978	Upsilon hook
′	prime	minute	a2	162	2032	8242	prime
≤	le	lessequal	a3	163	2264	8804	less than or equal
⁄	frasl	fraction	a4	164	2044 (or 2215 or *)	8260 (or 8725 or /)	fraction slash (or division slash or /)
∞	infin	infinity	a5	165	221e	8734	infinity
ƒ	fnof	florin	a6	166	0192	402	latin small script f
♣	clubs	club	a7	167	2663	9827	black club
♦	diams	diamond	a8	168	2666	9830	black diamond
♥	hearts	heart	a9	169	2665	9829	black heart
♠	spades	spade	aa	170	2660	9824	black spade
↔	harr	arrowboth	ab	171	2194	8596	left right arrow
←	larr	arrowleft	ac	172	2190	8592	left arrow
↑	uarr	arrowup	ad	173	2191	8593	up arrow
→	rarr	arrowright	ae	174	2192	8594	right arrow
↓	darr	arrowdown	af	175	2193	8595	down arrow
°	deg	degree	b0	176	*	*176
±	plusmn	plusminus	b1	177	*	*
″	Prime	second	b2	178	2033 or *	8243	double prime
≥	ge	greaterequal	b3	179	2265	8805	greater than or equal
×	times	multiply	b4	180	*	*215
∝	prop	proportional	b5	181	221d	8733	proportional to
∂	part	partialdiff	b6	182	2202	8706	partial differential
•	bull	bullet	b7	183	2022	8226	bullet
÷	divide	divide	b8	184	*	*247
≠	ne	notequal	b9	185	2260	8800	not equal to
≡	equiv	equivalence	ba	186	2261	8801	identical to
≈	asymp	approxequal	bb	187	2248	8776	almost equal to
…	hellip	ellipsis	bc	188	* or 2026	* or 8230	(three ascii dots)
\|		arrowvertex	bd	189	*	*	(vertical bar)
-		arrowhorizex	be	190	*	*	(minus sign)
↵	crarr	carriagereturnmark	bf	191	21b5	8629	down arrow with corner left

Symbol font, hex c0-df

Specimen	HTML4.0 WD	Rtftohtml and [Adobe] names	Symbol font hex	ALT/ 0nnn	Unicode hex	Unicode decimal	Unicode name (some abbreviated)
ℵ	alefsym	aleph	c0	192	2135	8501	first transfinite cardinal
ℑ	image	Ifraktur	c1	193	2111	8465	black-letter I
ℜ	real	Rfraktur	c2	194	211c	8476	black-letter R
℘	weierp	weierstrass	c3	195	2118	8472	script P
⊗	otimes	circlemultiply	c4	196	2297	8855	circled times
⊕	oplus	circleplus	c5	197	2295	8853	circled plus
∅	empty	emptyset	c6	198	2205	8709	empty set
∩	cap	intersection	c7	199	2229	8745	intersection
∪	cup	union	c8	200	222a	8746	union
⊃	sup	propersuperset	c9	201	2283	8835	superset of
⊇	supe	reflexsuperset (3.6:superset)	ca	202	2287	8839	superset of or equal
⊄	nsub	notsubset	cb	203	2284	8836	not a subset of
⊂	sub	propersubset	cc	204	2282	8834	subset of
⊆	sube	subset, should be reflexsubset	cd	205	should be 2286	8838	subset of or equal
∈	isin	element (3.6:wrong)	ce	206	2208	8712	element of
∉	notin	notelement (3.6:wrong)	cf	207	2209	8713	not an element of
∠	ang	angle	d0	208	2220	8736	angle
∇	nabla	triangle	c1	209	2207	8711	nabla
®	reg	registered	d2	210	*	*®
©	copy	copyright	d3	211	*	*©
™	trade	trademark, trademarkserif	d4	212	2122	8482	trademark
∏	prod	product	d5	213	220f	8719	n-ary product
√	radic	radical	d6	214	221a	8730	square root
⋅	sdot	mathdot (3.6: periodcentered)	d7	215	* or 22c5	*183 or 8901	dot operator
¬	*not	logicalnot	d8	216	*	*172
∧	and	logicaland	d9	217	2227	8743	logical and
∨	or	logicalor	da	218	2228	8744	logical or
⇔	hArr	arrowdblboth	db	219	21d4	8660	left right double arrow
⇐	lArr	arrowdblleft	dc	220	21d0	8656	left double arrow
⇑	uArr	arrowdblup	dd	221	21d1	8657	up double arrow
⇒	rArr	arrowdblright	de	222	21d2	8658	right double arrow
⇓	dArr	arrowdbldown	df	223	21d3	8659	down double arrow

Symbol font, hex e0-ff

Specimen	HTML4.0 WD	Rtftohtml and [Adobe] names	Symbol font hex	ALT/ 0nnn	Unicode hex	Unicode decimal	Unicode name (some abbreviated)
◊	loz	lozenge	e0	224	25ca	9674	lozenge
〈	lang	angleleft	e1	225	2329	9001	left pntng angle brckt, bra
®	*reg	registersans	e2	226	*	*®	registered (approx)
©	*copy	copyrightsans	e3	227	*	*©	copyright (approx)
™	*trade	trademarksans	e4	228	2122	8482	trademark (approx)
∑	sum	summation (3.6:Sigma)	e5	229	2211	8721	n-ary summation
[lparentop]		lparentop	e6	230	-
[lparenmid]		lparenmid	e7	231	-
[lparenbot]		lparenbot	e8	232	-
⌈	lceil	lbracktop	e9	233	2308	8968	left ceiling
[lbrackmid]		lbrackmid	ea	234	-
⌊	lfloor	lbrackbot	eb	235	230a	8970	left floor
[lbracetop]		lbracetop	ec	236	-
[lbracemid]		lbracemid	ed	237	-
[lbracebot]		lbracebot	ee	238	-
\|		longbar [bracex]	ef	239	*	*	(kludge)

〉	rang	angleright	f1	241	232a	9002	right pntng angle brckt, ket
∫	int	integral	f2	242	222b	8747	integral
⌠		integraltop	f3	243	2320	8992	top half integral
[integralmid]		integralmid	f4	244	-
⌡		integralbot	f5	245	2321	8993	bottom half integral
[rparentop]		rparentop	f6	246	-
[rparenmid]		rparenmid	f7	247	-
[rparenbot]		rparenbot	f8	248	-
⌉	rceil	rbracktop	f9	249	2309	8969	right ceiling
[rbrackmid]		rbrackmid	fa	250	-
⌋	rfloor	rbrackbot	fb	251	230b	8971	right floor
[rbracetop]		rbracetop	fc	252	-
[rbracemid]		rbracemid	fd	253	-
[rbracebot]		rbracebot	fe	254	-

Relevant Mac codes

(Mac code specimens will only show in the HTML version)

Specimen	HTML4.0 WD	Rtftohtml and [Adobe] names	Mac code	(n/a)	Unicode hex	Unicode decimal	Unicode name (some abbreviated)
⌘		apple	f0		none (2318)	none (8984)	(just a suggestion: place of interest sign)

ı		dotlessi	f5		0131	305	Latin small dotless I

˜		tilde	f7		02dc	732	small tilde

˘		breve	f9		02d8	728	breve
˙		dotaccent	fa		02d9	729	dot above
˚		ring	fb		02da	730	ring above

˝		hungarumlaut	fd		02dd	733	spacing double acute
˛		ogonek	fe		02db	731	ogonek
ˇ		caron	ff		02c7	711	caron

Notes

One whole section of the Symbol font duplicates the digits and some common punctuation characters, and no attempt was made to keep those distinct from their ASCII equivalents.
html-map treats as equivalent the serif and sansserif versions of registered, copyright, and trademark.
If you are reading this as an HTML document, then it would have been converted from RTF using rtftohtml and one of the character map files which it describes.

TODO

• rtftohtml3.8 had "reflexsubset" correctly mapped to "⊆", but the *-sym code maps still had 0xcd mapped to "subset". Either correcting 0xcd to "reflexsubset", or amending "subset" from ⊂ to "⊆", gets the right end-result. Making both changes would seem best (I reported this error to the author but it doesn’t seem to have made it into the released version).
• The normal "phi", Symbol font position 0x66, is translated into the unicode character x03c6, which all the documentation (unicode, HTML+, HTML4.0 etc.) shows to be correct, and the script_phi (a.k.a phiv or phi1), Symbol font position 0x6a, to x03d5, again as shown in the documentation. However, using their respective fonts, Alis Tango 3.1 showed the characters apparently interchanged, and Win Netscape 4.01a shows what looks to be the script phi in the first position, and the standard missing-char filler box in the second position. F.Yergeau of Alis sent me a nice email saying there was an error in the Tango character maps; he also explained that the script-looking phi displayed by Netscape is in fact the normal "Times New Roman" upright phi, in spite of its appearance, and giving an explanation why Netscape is unable to display the script phi from the Symbol font.
• The "apple" character (in the Mac character code) seems not to exist in Unicode, though the vendor's mapping uses U+F8FF. Some informants feel that the "clover" sign, as used on many Mac keyboards, would be an acceptable substitute. The corresponding unicode character is the "place of interest sign", U+2318, and the "Jargon File" offers an explanation for how this came about, see e.g:http://www.comedia.com/Hot/jargon_3.0/JARGON_F/FEATUKEY.HTML

Changes 3.6 to 3.8

In order to benefit from the corrections in 3.8 one must use the 3.8 code maps, although for backwards compatibility a self-consistent set of old map files would still work (subject to these limitations).
• At 3.6 there were only two names for vertical bars - bar and longbar - but there are three different characters (vertical bar, broken vertical bar, and the symbol font's "bracex"); the *-gen mappings assigned the name "bar" to both the vertical bar and the broken vertical bar, and the *-sym mappings used the name "longbar". 3.8 introduced “brvbar”, with appropriate adjustments.
• At 3.6 the name "periodcentered" was used for both the middot and the mathematical dot operator: 3.8 introduced “mathdot”.
• At 3.6 there were errors in the naming of four of the set-theory operators. In order to get these into line with the documented Adobe names, 3.8 added the names "reflexsuperset", "element" and "notelement", with appropriate adjustments.
• At 3.6 the iso-8859-1 "micro" sign and the Greek lower-case "mu" were both mapped to the character name "mu" which in turn is mapped to the iso-8859-1 "micro". Pedantically this isn't correct: they are two different characters in their own right, in spite of appearances. 3.8 corrected this.

Other References

For historical background, see the splendid material produced as an HTML+ discussion document from 1994 (no author given, but the document names Bob Stayton for doing the research). My CP1252 equivalences were originally drawn from a table by Markus Kuhn, that is quoted in a handy web page athttp://www.pemberley.com/janeinfo/latin1.html , although this information too can be found in the W3C working draft. All has been checked as far as possible against authoritative sources, principally those cited above.

Endnote

"Q: How do you make an em dash? - A: set fire to its serif!" (from a usenet posting by Lars Eighner)